Research Article

Environment as a limiting factor of the historical global spread of mungbean

National Taiwan University, Taiwan
AVRDC - The World Vegetable Center, Taiwan
N.I. Vavilov Research Institute of Plant Industry, Russian Federation
Queensland University of Technology, Australia
AVRDC - The World Vegetable Center, India
University of Vermont, United States
Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Russian Federation
University of Southern California, United States

May 19, 2023

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Abstract
Data availability
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Abstract

While the domestication process has been investigated in many crops, the detailed route of cultivation range expansion and factors governing this process received relatively little attention. Here using mungbean (Vigna radiata var. radiata) as a test case, we investigated the genomes of more than one thousand accessions to illustrate climatic adaptation’s role in dictating the unique routes of cultivation range expansion. Despite the geographical proximity between South and Central Asia, genetic evidence suggests mungbean cultivation first spread from South Asia to Southeast, East, and finally reached Central Asia. Combining evidence from demographic inference, climatic niche modeling, plant morphology, and records from ancient Chinese sources, we showed that the specific route was shaped by the unique combinations of climatic constraints and farmer practices across Asia, which imposed divergent selection favoring higher yield in the south but short-season and more drought-tolerant accessions in the north. Our results suggest that mungbean did not radiate from the domestication center as expected purely under human activity, but instead the spread of mungbean cultivation is highly constrained by climatic adaptation, echoing the idea that human commensals are more difficult to spread through the south-north axis of continents.

Data availability

Sequences generated in this study are available under NCBI BioProject PRJNA809503. Accession names, GPS coordinates, and NCBI accession numbers of the Vavilov Institute accessions are available under Supplementary file 1. Plant trait data are available at Dryad https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.d7wm37q3h. Sequences and accession information of the World Vegetable Centre mini-core and the Australian Diversity Panel collections were obtained from the NCBI BioProject PRJNA645721(Breria et al., 2020) and PRJNA963182 (Noble et al., 2018).

The following data sets were generated

1. Ong P
2. Lin Y
3. Chen H
4. Lo C
5. Noble T
6. Nair R
7. Schafleitner R
8. Vishnyakova M
9. Bishop-von-Wettberg E
10. Samsonova M
11. Nuzhdin S
12. Ting C
13. Lee C
(2023) The climatic constrains of the historical global spread of mungbean
Dryad Digital Repository, doi:10.5061/dryad.d7wm37q3h.

https://doi.org/10.5061/dx.dryad.d7wm37q3h
1. Ong P
2. Lin Y
3. Chen H
4. Lo C
5. Noble T
6. Nair R
7. Schafleitner R
8. Vishnyakova M
9. Bishop-von-Wettberg E
10. Samsonova M
11. Nuzhdin S
12. Ting C
13. Lee C
(2023) Vavilov Institute (VIR) mungbean collection - DArTseq
NCBI Short Read Archive, PRJNA809503.

https://dataview.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/object/PRJNA809503?reviewer=g4jqbn30fhpacs7di7vgj2b3ok

The following previously published data sets were used

1. Breria CM
2. Hsieh CH
3. Yen J-Y
4. Nair R
5. Lin C-Y
6. Huang S-M
7. Noble TJ
8. Schafleitner R
(2020) World Vegetable Center Mini Core Collection - DartSeq
NCBI Short Read Archive, PRJNA645721.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioproject/PRJNA645721
1. Noble TJ
2. Tao Y
3. Mace ES
4. Williams B
5. Jordan DR
6. Douglas CA
7. Mundree SG
(2023) Australian mungbean diversity panel collection - DArTseq
NCBI Short Read Archive, PRJNA963182.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioproject/PRJNA963182

Article and author information

Author details

Pei-Wen Ong

Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Ya-Ping Lin

AVRDC - The World Vegetable Center, Tainan, Taiwan

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Hung-Wei Chen

Institute of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Cheng-Yu Lo

Institute of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Marina Burlyaeva

N.I. Vavilov Research Institute of Plant Industry, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.

"This ORCID iD identifies the author of this article:" 0000-0002-3708-2594
Thomas Noble

Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.

"This ORCID iD identifies the author of this article:" 0000-0002-7731-5559
Ramakrishnan Madhavan Nair

AVRDC - The World Vegetable Center, Patancheru, India

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.

"This ORCID iD identifies the author of this article:" 0000-0002-2787-8396
Roland Schafleitner

AVRDC - The World Vegetable Center, Tainan, Taiwan

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Margarita Vishnyakova

N.I. Vavilov Research Institute of Plant Industry, St.Petersburg, Russian Federation

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Eric Bishop-von-Wettberg

Department of Plant and Soil Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, United States

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.

"This ORCID iD identifies the author of this article:" 0000-0002-2724-0317
Maria G Samsonova

Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St.Petersburg, Russian Federation

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Sergey Nuzhdin

University of Southern California, Los Angeles, United States

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Chau-Ti Ting

Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.
Cheng-Ruei Lee

Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan

For correspondence
chengrueilee@ntu.edu.tw

Competing interests
The authors declare that no competing interests exist.

"This ORCID iD identifies the author of this article:" 0000-0002-1913-9964

Funding

Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (107-2923-B-002-004-MY3)

Chau-Ti Ting
Cheng-Ruei Lee

Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (110-2628-B-002-027)

Cheng-Ruei Lee

Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (CROP-2019-144)

Ramakrishnan Madhavan Nair
Roland Schafleitner

Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (110-2313-B-125-001-MY3)

Ya-Ping Lin

Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (CIM-2014-079)

Ramakrishnan Madhavan Nair
Roland Schafleitner

U.S. Department of Agriculture (Multistate Hatch NE1710)

Eric Bishop-von-Wettberg

Russian Science Foundation (18-46-08001)

Eric Bishop-von-Wettberg
Maria G Samsonova

Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (075-15-2020-934)

Eric Bishop-von-Wettberg
Maria G Samsonova

The funders had no role in study design, data collection and interpretation, or the decision to submit the work for publication.

Copyright

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License permitting unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited.