White matter structural bases for phase accuracy during tapping synchronization
Abstract
We determined the intersubject association between the rhythmic entrainment abilities of human subjects during a synchronization-continuation tapping task (SCT) and the macro- and microstructural properties of their superficial (SWM) and deep (DWM) white matter. Diffusion-weighted images were obtained from 32 subjects who performed the SCT with auditory or visual metronomes and five tempos ranging from 550 to 950 ms. We developed a method to determine the density of short-range fibers that run underneath the cortical mantle, interconnecting nearby cortical regions (U-fibers). Notably, individual differences in the density of U-fibers in the right audiomotor system were correlated with the degree of phase accuracy between the stimuli and taps across subjects. These correlations were specific to the synchronization epoch with auditory metronomes and tempos around 1.5 Hz. In addition, a significant association was found between phase accuracy and the density and bundle diameter of the corpus callosum, forming an interval-selective map where short and long intervals were behaviorally correlated with the anterior and posterior portions of the corpus callosum. These findings suggest that the structural properties of the SWM and DWM in the audiomotor system support the tapping synchronization abilities of subjects, as cortical U-fiber density is linked to the preferred tapping tempo and the bundle properties of the corpus callosum define an interval-selective topography.
Data availability
Data is available at OSF: https://osf.io/ynvf3/?view_only=0f30de38694a4ce38f69807dd07c1604
Article and author information
Author details
Funding
Consejo Nacional de Humanidades Ciencia y Tecnologia (A1-S-8330)
- Hugo Merchant
Dirección General de Asuntos del Personal Académico, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (PAPIIT IG200424)
- Hugo Merchant
Secretaria de Ciencia y Tecnología. Ciudad de México (2342)
- Hugo Merchant
Consejo Nacional de Humanidades Ciencia y Tecnologia (C1782)
- Luis Concha
Consejo Nacional de Humanidades Ciencia y Tecnologia (FC-218-2023)
- Luis Concha
Dirección General de Asuntos del Personal Académico, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (PAPIIT AG200117)
- Luis Concha
Dirección General de Asuntos del Personal Académico, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (PAPIIT AG200117)
- Luis Concha
Dirección General de Asuntos del Personal Académico, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (IN213423)
- Luis Concha
Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (280464)
- Pamela Garcia-Saldivar
The funders had no role in study design, data collection and interpretation, or the decision to submit the work for publication.
Ethics
Human subjects: Thirty-two healthy human subjects without musical training volunteered to participate and gave informed consent, which complied with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by our Institutional Review Board. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Institute of Neurobiology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla with the number 049H-RM.
Copyright
© 2024, Garcia-Saldivar et al.
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License permitting unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited.
Metrics
-
- 92
- downloads
Views, downloads and citations are aggregated across all versions of this paper published by eLife.
Download links
Downloads (link to download the article as PDF)
Open citations (links to open the citations from this article in various online reference manager services)
Cite this article (links to download the citations from this article in formats compatible with various reference manager tools)
Further reading
-
- Computational and Systems Biology
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a powerful technology used to define the spatial distribution and relative abundance of metabolites across tissue cryosections. While software packages exist for pixel-by-pixel individual metabolite and limited target pairs of ratio imaging, the research community lacks an easy computing and application tool that images any metabolite abundance ratio pairs. Importantly, recognition of correlated metabolite pairs may contribute to the discovery of unanticipated molecules in shared metabolic pathways. Here, we describe the development and implementation of an untargeted R package workflow for pixel-by-pixel ratio imaging of all metabolites detected in an MSI experiment. Considering untargeted MSI studies of murine brain and embryogenesis, we demonstrate that ratio imaging minimizes systematic data variation introduced by sample handling, markedly enhances spatial image contrast, and reveals previously unrecognized metabotype-distinct tissue regions. Furthermore, ratio imaging facilitates identification of novel regional biomarkers and provides anatomical information regarding spatial distribution of metabolite-linked biochemical pathways. The algorithm described herein is applicable to any MSI dataset containing spatial information for metabolites, peptides or proteins, offering a potent hypothesis generation tool to enhance knowledge obtained from current spatial metabolite profiling technologies.
-
- Computational and Systems Biology
- Microbiology and Infectious Disease
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are attractive candidates to combat antibiotic resistance for their capability to target biomembranes and restrict a wide range of pathogens. It is a daunting challenge to discover novel AMPs due to their sparse distributions in a vast peptide universe, especially for peptides that demonstrate potencies for both bacterial membranes and viral envelopes. Here, we establish a de novo AMP design framework by bridging a deep generative module and a graph-encoding activity regressor. The generative module learns hidden ‘grammars’ of AMP features and produces candidates sequentially pass antimicrobial predictor and antiviral classifiers. We discovered 16 bifunctional AMPs and experimentally validated their abilities to inhibit a spectrum of pathogens in vitro and in animal models. Notably, P076 is a highly potent bactericide with the minimal inhibitory concentration of 0.21 μM against multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, while P002 broadly inhibits five enveloped viruses. Our study provides feasible means to uncover the sequences that simultaneously encode antimicrobial and antiviral activities, thus bolstering the function spectra of AMPs to combat a wide range of drug-resistant infections.